A 2010 Latinobarmetro poll found that, within Latin America, Uruguayans are among the most supportive of democracy and by far the most satisfied with the way democracy works in their country. "Eastern Republic of Uruguay" is the official name used in many United Nations publications in English, e.g. [25] The Post-Impressionist painter Pedro Figari achieved international renown for his pastel studies of subjects in Montevideo and the countryside. [152], Uruguay is part of the One Laptop per Child project, and in 2009 became the first country in the world to provide a laptop for every primary school student,[154] as part of the Plan Ceibal. [99] The economy grew at an annual rate of 6.7% during the 20042008 period. [33] Once the troops from Buenos Aires had withdrawn, the Banda Oriental appointed its first autonomous government. Na severovchod soused s Brazli (dlka hranice je 985 km) a na zpad s Argentinou (579 km). Uruguay is today a democratic constitutional republic, with a president who serves as both head of state and head of government. [115] Its quay can handle 14-metre draught (46ft) vessels. [73] Each department elects its own authorities through a universal suffrage system. [16] It ranks high on global measures of personal rights, tolerance, and inclusion issues,[17] including its acceptance of the LGBT community. [104], According to IMF estimates, Uruguay was likely to achieve growth in real GDP of between 8% and 8.5% in 2010, followed by 5% growth in 2011 and 4% in subsequent years. Meat being the principal dish, due to Uruguay being one of the world's largest producers of quality meat. He drew from both Timbuktu and Mykonos to create his best-known work: his home, hotel and atelier Casapueblo near Punta del Este. [18] The country has legalized cannabis, same-sex marriage, prostitution and abortion. Even though both temperature and precipitation are quite uniform nationwide, there are considerable differences across the territory. [32] Uruguay then became a zone of contention between the Spanish and Portuguese empires. Ryan K. Olsen Region. 9 Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons", "Uruguay returns to the Inter-American Treaty of Reciprocal Assistance", Uruguay To Lift Ban On Gays In The Military, "Uruguayan Major General appointed head of UN mission in India and Pakistan", "Building out: Uruguay exports architectural services to India and Latin America", "Uruguay's Frente Amplio: From Revolution to Dilution", "Uruguay's record-setting economic growth streak", "Uruguay Rate Rise 'Strong Signal,' Bergara, Lorenzo Say", "IMF anticipates 'soft-landing' of Uruguay's economy in next two years", "Uruguay's GDP Rose 10.4% in Second quarter From Year Before on Transport", "Uruguay's debt/GDP ratio down after five quarters running increases", "Uruguay becomes first nation to legalise marijuana trade", "Uruguay has 3.8 cattle per capita, highest in the world", "Jos Ignacio, an Uruguayan Resort Town That's Chic, but So Far Not Famous", "Overview: Argentina, Uruguay and Paraguay Trade Relations", "Montevideo port becomes most advanced container terminal in South America", "Logistics, infrastructure and communications", "New Carrasco terminal among the "most beautiful airports in the world", "Pluna: reunin de conciliacin entre el Estado y Leadgate", "Omnibus Interior Catlogo de Datos Abiertos", "Uruguay privatization scheme jolted by opposition", "Uruguay, Latin America's Renewable Champion", "Uruguay makes dramatic shift to nearly 95% electricity from clean energy", "Uruguay is now generating 95% of its electricity from renewable energy", "Uruguay has shifted to getting 95% of its electricity from renewables in less than 10 years", "Atlas Sociodemografico y de la Desigualdad en Uruguay, 2011: Ancestry", "Genetic composition of Brazilian population samples based on a set of twenty-eight ancestry informative SNPs", "Uruguay: South America's best-kept secret? The growth, use, and sale of cannabis was legalized on 11 December 2013,[110] making Uruguay the first country in the world to fully legalize marijuana. In 1603, the Spanish began to introduce cattle, which became a source of wealth in the region. [33] After nearly four more years of struggle, the Portuguese Kingdom of Brazil annexed the Banda Oriental as a province under the name of "Cisplatina". The military government persecuted leftists, socialists, and political opponents, resulting in deaths and numerous instances of torture by the military; the military relinquished power to a civilian government in 1985. [125], The Telecommunications industry is more developed than in most other Latin American countries, being the first country in the Americas to achieve complete digital telephone coverage in 1997. [73] The departmental executive authority resides in a superintendent and the legislative authority in a departmental board. In 1907 divorce was legalized and, in 1909 all religious instruction was banned from state schools. [83] A rivalry between the port of Montevideo and the port of Buenos Aires, dating back to the times of the Spanish Empire, has been described as a "port war". The telephone system is completely digitized and has very good coverage over all the country. [25] Notable amongst Latin American playwrights is Florencio Snchez (18751910), who wrote plays about contemporary social problems that are still performed today. [133] Overall, the ethnic composition is similar to neighboring Argentine provinces as well as Southern Brazil. [100] Uruguay's exports markets have been diversified to reduce dependency on Argentina and Brazil. Jos Enrique Rod (18711917), a modernist, is considered Uruguay's most significant literary figure. Uruguay has enjoyed friendly relations with the United States since its transition back to democracy. President Jorge Pacheco declared a state of emergency in 1968, followed by a further suspension of civil liberties in 1972. Uruguay is home to the Uruguayan savanna terrestrial ecoregion. [42] The economy reflected a steep upswing (if demonstrated graphically, above all other related economic determinants), in livestock raising and exports. He and his wife, Annette, have six children. Uruguay is home to people of different ethnic origins. [12] Uruguay is the third-best country on the continent in terms of Human Development Index, GDP growth,[15] innovation, and infrastructure. [160] Other Uruguayan bands of success are: Toco Para Vos, Vi-Em[es], Toco Para Bailar and Golden Rocket. It is the second-smallest country in South America (after Suriname ). [95], In 1991, the country experienced an increase in strikes to obtain wage compensation to offset inflation and to oppose the privatizations desired by the government of Luis Alberto Lacalle. [162] MercoPress is an independent news agency focusing on news related to Mercosur and is based in Montevideo. [36], In 1845, Britain and France intervened against Rosas to restore commerce to normal levels in the region. [136] 50% of new legal residents come from Argentina and Brazil. El Sporting de Gijn recibe al Valencia en un nico partido por Copa del Rey para meterse en los cuartos de final del certamen. [30][31] The Spanish arrived in present-day Uruguay in 1516. [100] Poverty was reduced from 33% in 2002 to 21.7% in July 2008, while extreme poverty dropped from 3.3% to 1.7%. [145], Uruguay's capital has 12 synagogues, and a community of 20,000 Jews by 2011. National extreme temperatures at sea level are, 44C (111F) in Paysand city (20 January 1943) and Florida city (January 14, 2022),[71] and 11.0C (12.2F) in Melo city (14 June 1967). [53], Vzquez, who assumed the government in March 2005, created the Ministry of Social Development and sought to reduce the country's poverty rate with a $240million National Plan to Address the Social Emergency (PANES), which provided a monthly conditional cash transfer of approximately $75 to over 100,000 households in extreme poverty. Most of the Uruguayan dishes are from Spain, France, Italy and Brazil, the result of immigration caused by past wars in Europe. The National Party's Luis Alberto Lacalle won the 1989 presidential election and amnesty for human rights abusers was endorsed by referendum. In 2004, the Uruguayan musician and actor Jorge Drexler won an Academy Award for composing the song "Al otro lado del ro" from the movie The Motorcycle Diaries, which narrated the life of Che Guevara. Uruguay is a unitary state: justice, education, health, security, foreign policy and defense are all administered nationwide. [35] The political scene in Uruguay became split between two parties: the conservative Blancos (Whites) headed by the second President Manuel Oribe, representing the agricultural interests of the countryside; and the liberal Colorados (Reds) led by the first President Fructuoso Rivera, representing the business interests of Montevideo. [27], There is an extensive group of thousands of man-made tumuli known as "Pechito Paloma" in the eastern part of the country, some of them dating back to 5,000 years ago. However, the south of the country receives less precipitation than the north. [37], The first railway line was assembled in Uruguay in 1867 with the opening of a branch consisting of a horse-drawn train. Uruguay experienced a major economic and financial crisis between 1999 and 2002, principally a spillover effect from the economic problems of Argentina. [153] In 2009, the government planned to invest 4.5% of GDP in education. The Administracin de Ferrocarriles del Estado is the autonomous agency in charge of rail transport and the maintenance of the railroad network. On the economic front, the Batlle government (20002005) began negotiations with the United States to create the "Free Trade Area of the Americas" (FTAA). There are ten national parks in Uruguay: Five in the wetland areas of the east, three in the central hill country, and one in the west along the Rio Uruguay. [72], Uruguay is a representative democratic republic with a presidential system. [53] Commercial ties between the two countries have expanded substantially in recent years, with the signing of a bilateral investment treaty in 2004 and a Trade and Investment Framework Agreement in January 2007. Both summer and winter weather may vary from day to day with the passing of storm fronts, where a hot northerly wind may occasionally be followed by a cold wind (pampero) from the Argentine Pampas.[25]. [33], In 1816, a force of 10,000 Portuguese troops invaded the Banda Oriental from Brazil; they took Montevideo in January 1817. A series of economic crises and the political repression against left-wing guerrilla activity in the late 1960s and early 1970s put an end to a democratic period that had begun in the early 20th century,[clarification needed] culminating in the 1973 coup d'tat, which established a civic-military dictatorship. Wedged like a grape between Brazils gargantuan thumb and Argentinas long forefinger, Uruguay has always been something of an underdog. [53], Uruguay ranks first in the world on a per capita basis for its contributions to the United Nations peacekeeping forces, with 2,513 soldiers and officers in 10 UN peacekeeping missions. [124] Namely, 17 destinations in Argentina[note 3]; 12 destinations in Brazil[note 5] and the capital cities of Chile and Paraguay. [32] This led to the 500-day-long Cisplatine War. [91], In 2017, Uruguay signed the UN treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons. [162], State-run radio and TV are operated by the official broadcasting service SODRE. [41] During this authoritarian period, the government took steps toward the organization of the country as a modern state, encouraging its economic and social transformation. Uruguay has by far the smallest population of any country that has won a World Cup. [25] Other modern Uruguayan writers include Mario Levrero, Sylvia Lago, Jorge Majfud, and Jess Moraes. Punta del Este is situated on a small peninsula off the southeast coast of Uruguay. [162] Although it sells only about 16,000 copies a week, its estimated readership exceeds 50,000. Neither side gained the upper hand and in 1828 the Treaty of Montevideo, fostered by the United Kingdom through the diplomatic efforts of Viscount John Ponsonby, gave birth to Uruguay as an independent state. WebUruguay is a representative democratic republic with a presidential system. The system is government owned, and there have been controversial proposals to partially privatize since the 1990s.[126]. The first Sanguinetti administration implemented economic reforms and consolidated democracy following the country's years under military rule.[32]. [167] Uruguay has won the Copa Amrica (an international tournament for South American nations and guests) 15 times, such as Argentina, the last one in 2011. [53], In 2004, Uruguayans elected Tabar Vzquez as president, while giving the Broad Front a majority in both houses of Parliament. [111], According to FAOSTAT, Uruguay is one of the world's largest producers of soybeans (9th), wool (12th), horse meat (14th), beeswax (14th), and quinces (17th). [73] Uruguay is a unitary state: justice, education, health, security, foreign policy and defense are all administered nationwide. [33] The Brazilian Empire became independent of Portugal in 1822. Its natural harbor soon developed into a commercial area competing with Ro de la Plata's capital, Buenos Aires. [44] In 1933, Terra organized a coup d'tat, dissolving the General Assembly and governing by decree. [77][78] However, in the 2004 Uruguayan general election, the Broad Front won an absolute majority in Parliamentary elections, and in 2009, Jos Mujica of the Broad Front defeated Luis Alberto Lacalle of the Blancos to win the presidency. For Uruguay, Argentine tourism is key, since it represents 56% of the external tourism they receive each year and 70% during the summer months. [11] It is estimated that at the time of the first contact with Europeans in the 16th century there were about 9,000 Charra and 6,000 Chan and some Guaran island-settlements. Je to druh nejmen jihoamerick stt; men je jen Surinam (jet men je sice Francouzsk Guyana, ale ta nen suvernnm sttem, nbr zmoskm zemm Francie). Blancos were given of seats in Congress. Uruguay, a nation in southeastern South America covers an area of 176,000 square km and is the continents second smallest nation. [117] PLUNA was the flag carrier of Uruguay, and was headquartered in Carrasco. It remained subject to foreign influence and intervention throughout the 19th century, with the military playing a recurring role in domestic politics. Patois speakers arrived to Uruguay from the Piedmont. [167] Despite their early success, they missed three World Cups in four attempts from 1994 to 2006. [131], Uruguayans are of predominantly European origin, with over 87.7% of the population claiming European descent in the 2011 census. This method has been used several times over the past 15 years: to confirm a law renouncing prosecution of members of the military who violated human rights during the military regime (19731985); to stop privatization of public utilities companies; to defend pensioners' incomes; and to protect water resources. The 1999 national elections were held under a new electoral system established by a 1996 constitutional amendment. The country experiences the four seasons, with summer being from December to March and winter from June to September. However, the economy did not improve and deteriorated after 1980, the GDP fell by 20% and unemployment rose to 17%. [40] This division of power lasted until the President Jose Batlle y Ordonez instituted his political reforms which caused the last uprising by Blancos in 1904 that ended with the Battle of Masoller and the death of Blanco leader Aparicio Saravia. [69] The heaviest precipitation occurs during the autumn months, although more frequent rainy spells occur in winter. If the minor child does not have a Permiso de Menor, the minor child will be prohibited from leaving Uruguay. [155] Over the 20072009 period, 362,000 pupils and 18,000 teachers were involved in the scheme; around 70% of the laptops were given to children who did not have computers at home. [153], Public education is the primary responsibility of three institutions: the Ministry of Education and Culture, which coordinates education policies, the National Public Education Administration, which formulates and implements policies on early to secondary education, and the University of the Republic, responsible for higher education. WebThe Oriental Republic of Uruguay is a constitutional republic with a democratically elected president and a bicameral legislature. (eds.) The two countries disagree on which tributary represents the legitimate source of the Quara/Cuareim River, which would define the border in the latter disputed section, according to the 1851 border treaty between the two countries. WebUruguay. On 15 June 1838, an army led by the Colorado leader Rivera overthrew President Oribe, who fled to Argentina. The airport can handle up to 4.5million users per year. [50], A new constitution, drafted by the military, was rejected in a November 1980 referendum. Another spoken dialect was the Patois, which is an Occitan dialect. [19][20] The name could also refer to a river snail called urugu (Pomella megastoma) that was plentiful across its shores. Uruguay no longer imports electricity. And the most typical sweet is Alfajor, which is a small cake, filled with Dulce de leche and covered with chocolate or meringue, it comes in various types, fillings, sizes and brands. (2011). The people of this country are known to be warm, welcoming, and friendly. Uruguay is a founding member of the United Nations, OAS, and Mercosur. 25 August is celebrated as Independence Day, a national holiday. [45] The Admiral Graf Spee took refuge in Montevideo, claiming sanctuary in a neutral port, but was later ordered out.[45]. The language spoken there is Spanish. The only country in South America that is smaller than Uruguay is Suriname. Rock and roll first broke into Uruguayan audiences with the arrival of the Beatles and other British bands in the early 1960s. Officials of both countries emphasized the need to end this rivalry in the name of regional integration in 2010. Uruguay is ranked first in Latin America in democracy, peace, low perception of corruption,[12] and e-government. Yeah I acted indifferently, I don t think how to lower blood pressure when its high fast there is any problem. Progressive, stable, safe and culturally sophisticated, Uruguay offers visitors opportunities to experience everyday not made for tourists moments, whether [32] In December 2010, Uruguayan Major General Gloodtdofsky, was appointed Chief Military Observer and head of the United Nations Military Observer Group in India and Pakistan. In 1811, Jos Gervasio Artigas, who became Uruguay's national hero, launched a successful revolt against the Spanish authorities, defeating them on 18 May at the Battle of Las Piedras. In statements, the Uruguayan government indicated its firm commitment to the Middle East peace process, but refused to specify borders "to avoid interfering in an issue that would require a bilateral agreement". The dialect was spoken mainly in the Colonia Department, where the first pilgrims settled, in the city called La Paz. [172] Its national team qualified for the Basketball World Cup 7 times, more often than other countries in South America, except Brazil and Argentina. WebUruguayans ( Spanish: uruguayos) are people identified with the country of Uruguay, through citizenship or descent. Uruguay hosted the official Basketball World Cup for the 1967 FIBA World Championship and the official Americas Basketball Championship in 1988, 1997 and is a host of the 2017 FIBA AmeriCup. He was president of the Uruguay Montevideo Mission from 2016 to 2019. Most Uruguayans of European ancestry are descendants of 19th and 20th century immigrants from Spain and Italy,[32] and to a lesser degree Germany, France and Britain. [25] The guitar is the preferred musical instrument, and in a popular traditional contest called the payada two singers, each with a guitar, take turns improvising verses to the same tune.[25]. In 1973, amid increasing economic and political turmoil, the armed forces, asked by the President Juan Mara Bordaberry, disbanded Parliament and established a civilian-military regime. [142] Among the sizeable Armenian community in Montevideo, the dominant religion is Christianity, specifically Armenian Apostolic. Maintain high level of inventory accuracy in high-volume automotive. On the map, surrounded by its large neighbors, Uruguay seems tiny, writes contemporary Uruguayan historian and novelist Eduardo Galeano. Those guests may organize custom tours through the Destination Services Desk on board. Nine straddle cranes allow for 80 to 100 movements per hour. WebEntdecke Uruguay Erstflugabdeckung Montevideo nach Buenos Aires Argentinien 1960 Boac in groer Auswahl Vergleichen Angebote und Preise Online kaufen bei eBay Kostenlose Lieferung fr viele Artikel! Serving During: Group by Ward: Spain's High Court has approved the extradition to Uruguay of a doctor accused of helping the military torture dissidents during the right-wing military dictatorship in the 1970s, the court said on Monday. [170] In 2010, the Uruguayan government enacted measures intended to retain players in the country. Located in the southern part of the country, on the northeastern shore of the Rio de la Plata estuary is, Montevideo - the capital, the largest and the most populous city of Uruguay. [53] The United States and Uruguay have also cooperated on military matters, with both countries playing significant roles in the United Nations Stabilization Mission in Haiti. Folk music is called canto popular and includes some guitar players and singers such as Alfredo Zitarrosa, Jos Carbajal "El Sabalero", Daniel Viglietti, Los Olimareos, and Numa Moraes. He was elected President of the Neurological Society of India (1956), 21 vice-president of the WFN (1969-1973), and president of the World Congress of Neurology in New Delhi, 1989. [135] The most popular destinations for Uruguayan emigrants are Argentina, followed by the United States, Australia, Canada, Spain, Italy and France. Uruguay covers an area of approximately 181,034 square kilometers (69,898sqmi) and has a population of an estimated 3.4million, of whom around 2 million live in the metropolitan area of its capital and largest city, Montevideo. manufacturing plant. [121] However, in 1985 the "National Transport Plan" suggested passenger trains were too costly to repair and maintain. Elder James W. McConkie III The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints A 2008 survey by the INE of Uruguay showed Catholic Christianity as the main religion, with 45.7% 81.4%[141] of the population; 9.0% are non-Catholic Christians, 0.6% are Animists or Umbandists (an Afro-Brazilian religion), and 0.4% Jewish. [121] In 1949, the government nationalized the railways, along with the electric trams and the Montevideo Waterworks Company. [96][needs update], In 2004, the Batlle government signed a three-year $1.1billion stand-by arrangement with the International Monetary Fund (IMF), committing the country to a substantial primary fiscal surplus, low inflation, considerable reductions in external debt, and several structural reforms designed to improve competitiveness and attract foreign investment. With a peak of 50,000 during the mid-1960s, Uruguay has the world's highest rate of aliyah as a percentage of the Jewish population. [136], Uruguay's rate of population growth is much lower than in other Latin American countries. Uruguay hat im Norden eine 985 km lange Grenze mit Brasilien und im Westen eine 579 km lange Grenze mit Argentinien. [53] Uruguay terminated the agreement in 2006 following the early repayment of its debt but maintained a number of the policy commitments. 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